Nursing Care Plan Gastritis

Nursing Care Plan - Gastritis

Definition

Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa; it may be acute or chronic. Acute gastritis, the most common stomach disorder, produces mucosal reddening, edema, and superficial surface erosion. Chronic gastritis is common among elderly people and people with pernicious anemia. It's often present as chronic atrophic gastritis, in which all stomach mucosal layers are inflamed, with a reduced number of chief and parietal cells. Acute or chronic gastritis can occur at any age.



Aetiology

The cause of gastritis can be distinguished according to their classification as follows :

* Acute Gastritis
The reason is analgesic drugs, especially anti-inflammatory aspirin (low-dose aspirin which can cause erosion had gastric mucosa).
Chemicals eg lisol, alcohol, smoking, caffeine pepper, steroids and digitalis.

* Chronic Gastritis
The cause and pathogenesis are generally unknown.
Gastritis is a common occurrence in the elderly, but the thought of drinking alcohol, and smoking.



Clinical manifestations

1. Clinical manifestations usually appear on other Acute Gastritis, namely anorexia, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, gastrointestinal bleeding in Haematemesis melena, a further sign of anemia.

2. Chronic gastritis
Most clients do not have any complaints, only a minority complain heartburn, anorexia, nausea, and anemia complaints and physical examination abnormalities are not met.



Assessment

1. Predisposing factors and precipitation
Predisposing factors are chemicals, smoking, caffeine, steroids, analgesic drugs, anti-inflammatory, vinegar or pepper.
Precipitation factor is the habit of consuming alcohol and smoking, drug use, diet and irregular diet, and lifestyles such as lack of rest.

2. Test dignostik
* Endoscopy : multi erosion would seem that some bleeding and it's usually spread.
* Check Hispatologi : will look mucosal damage due to erosion through the mucosa never muscular.
* Check radiology
* The laboratory :
o Gastric Analysis : to determine the level of secretion of HCL, HCL secretion declines in clients with chronic gastritis.
o Levels of serum vitamin B12 : normal values 200-1000 Pg / ml, vitamin B12 levels are low megalostatik anemia.
o Hemagiobin levels, hematocrit, platelets, leukocytes, and albumin.
o Gastroscopy
To determine the mucosal surface (change) to identify areas of bleeding and tissue taken for biopsy.



Nursing Diagnosis

Disturbance nutritional needs less than body requirements related to inadequate intake, anorexia.


Purpose :

Overcome nutritional deficiencies.



Results Criteria :

Stable weight, normal laboratory values albumin, no nausea and vomiting, normal body weight, normal bowel sounds.



Intervention :

Review of food intake, body weight balanced on a regular basis, provide regular oral care, encourage clients to eat little but often, give food in warm, auscultation bowel sounds, examine food preferences, such as supervising the laboratory examination: Hb, Ht, albumin.